Abstract
Vegetable production in Indonesia is mainly based on a diverse range of cultivation methods, taking advantage of the country’s warm climate and fertile farmland, with cabbage in particular boasting the largest production volume in recent years. Data for 2022 shows that cabbage stood out compared to other vegetables, reaching 1.5Mt. The reason behind this is that cabbage is widely consumed within Indonesia and there is high demand for it. Tomato production is also thriving, and when broken down by use, demand is particularly strong for home use and for processing. Looking at the land use situation by vegetable, we can see that cabbage and tomatoes in particular have large cultivation areas and are highly efficient in the use of farmland. However, in recent years, climate change and urbanization have led to a reduction in farmland, which may affect future production volumes. Overall, Indonesia is a country with a strong vegetable production, with cabbage and tomatoes in particular being important crops supporting domestic consumption.
Production (by vegetables)
Cabbage is one of the most notable crops in Indonesia’s vegetable production from 1961 to 2022, peaking at 1.63 Mt in 1995. However, production volume has since declined and currently stands at 1.5Mt, which is 92.5% of its peak. The reasons for this decline include land limitations, the effects of climate change, and the reduction in farmland due to urbanization. Nevertheless, cabbage remains Indonesia’s main vegetable crop, playing an important role in domestic consumption and exports. In addition, due to technological innovation and changes in agricultural policies, the production volume of other vegetables is on the rise, and crops other than cabbage are also becoming more competitive. Overall, Indonesia’s vegetable production is diversifying, with cabbage production declining but other vegetable production growing to complement it.
The maximum is the latest one, 1.17Mt of Production volume
Yield(by vegetable)
Indonesia’s cabbage production yield has shown notable fluctuations over the period 1961-2022. The peak of 24.7t/ha recorded in 1995 reflected the period when cabbage cultivation techniques and agricultural infrastructure were at their most advanced, and yields have been declining since then. Data for 2022 shows yields at 88.4% of peak levels, remaining at approximately 21.8t/ha. Factors behind this decline include worsening growing conditions and land degradation due to climate change, as well as urbanization and changes in agricultural policies. In addition, although demand for cabbage remains high, it is possible that competition with other crops has led to the dispersion of cultivated area, resulting in a decline in yield per unit area. Nevertheless, cabbage remains Indonesia’s main vegetable crop and has maintained stable production thanks to improvements in agricultural techniques and cultivation methods. Although the decline in production volume is evident in some regions, overall cabbage production continues to play an important role thanks to improved quality and diversification of markets.
The maximum is 24.7t/ha[1995] of Cabbage, and the current value is about 88.4%
Land use (by vegetables)
In terms of vegetable production in Indonesia in 2022, cabbage occupies the largest amount of land, reaching 68.9 kha. This figure indicates that cabbage remains the country’s major vegetable crop and is cultivated on a widespread scale. The overall average land use area is 47.7kha, and areas of cabbage that exceed this reflect the large scale of production. Additionally, the total land area used for vegetable production in Indonesia is 286kha, of which cabbage cultivation accounts for a significant proportion. In recent years, amid the progress of urbanization and the decline of farmland, the cultivated area of major crops such as cabbage has remained relatively stable; however, there is a demand for improvements in land use efficiency and agricultural techniques. In particular, cabbage cultivation has been influenced by improvements in soil improvement and irrigation techniques, making it possible to maintain production volume and improve quality. However, due to climate change and changes in agricultural policies, optimizing land use will become an important issue in the future. Overall, cabbage is a core crop in Indonesia’s vegetable production and land use diversification is progressing in parallel with other vegetable crops.
The maximum is 1.17Mt of Production volume, the average is 1.17Mt, and the total is 1.17Mt
Tomato usage
Indonesia’s tomato production has been on the rise since 1961, with notable changes being seen especially in terms of use. According to data from 1961, tomato production reached a maximum of 1.17 Mt and has remained stable ever since. There is high demand for tomatoes both for eating fresh and for processing, and demand from food processors is increasing particularly with the development of the processing industry. This has led to an increase in the production volume of tomatoes for different uses, which is now at its highest recorded value. Tomatoes are consumed in a wide variety of forms, including home cooking, salads, sauces, juice, and paste, and advances are being made in improving varieties to suit different uses. Tomatoes for processing are supplied to both domestic and international markets, particularly in the form of dried, paste and canned products. Demand for fresh tomatoes also remains high and plays an important role in domestic consumption. Due to this diversification of demand and market expansion, tomato production in Indonesia is expected to continue to grow steadily. However, climate change, land constraints, and improvements in agricultural technology will have a significant impact on productivity, making sustainable agricultural policies important.
The maximum is the latest one, 1.17Mt of Production volume
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