Data on the average age of business owners by rice farming scale in Japan

The management situation of Japanese agriculture varies according to individual management and rice cultivation scale. Small-scale individual businesses often have low profits and unstable management. The low profitability is due to the high production costs and manual labor required. On the other hand, large-scale individual farms tend to have stable profits through the introduction of mechanization and efficient cultivation techniques, making the business more sustainable. Looking at rice farming scale, small-scale farms tend to have low profits and high expenses, while large-scale farms take advantage of economies of scale to enjoy high profitability and stable management.