Operating profit data for paddy rice farming by cultivation scale in Japan

Data on operating profits in Japanese agriculture varies depending on individual management and rice cultivation scale. As individual businesses, small farmers are less able to benefit from economies of scale and tend to have lower profit margins. On the other hand, large-scale farms have high labor productivity and efficient business management. In rice farming, larger scale tends to improve productivity, but costs also tend to increase. These factors affect the diversity and sustainability of agricultural operations.