Production volume and food intake of the world’s three major grains: global average and top 10 countries

The production of the world’s three major cereal grains – wheat, rice and corn – forms the basis of the food supply. These crops are produced in large quantities primarily in the United States, China, India and Brazil. Wheat is mainly used to make bread and pasta, rice is a staple food in Asian countries, and corn is important as livestock feed and biofuel. Production volumes are subject to climate change and technological innovation, bringing sustainability and food security challenges into greater focus. Efficient production is required to meet increasing demand.

Table of contents

Production volume(2022)
Output(2022)
Output(2021)
Food per capita(2021)
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Production volume(2022)

	Total	ex.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Maize	World	United States	United States	China	Brazil	Argentina	India	Mexico	Ukraine	Indonesia	South Africa	Russia
Gt %	1.16 100	0.349 30	0.349 30	0.277 23.8	0.109 9.4	0.059 5.07	0.0337 2.9	0.0266 2.29	0.0262 2.25	0.0236 2.03	0.0165 1.42	0.0159 1.36
Rice	World	United States	China	India	Bangladesh	Indonesia	Vietnam	Thailand	Myanmar	Philippines	Cambodia	Pakistan
Mt %	776 100	7.27 0.937	210 27.1	196 25.3	57.2 7.37	54.7 7.05	42.7 5.5	34.3 4.42	24.7 3.18	19.8 2.54	11.6 1.5	11 1.41
Wheat	World	United States	China	India	Russia	United States	Australia	France	Canada	Pakistan	Germany	Argentina
Mt %	808 100	44.9 5.55	138 17	108 13.3	104 12.9	44.9 5.55	36.2 4.48	34.6 4.28	34.3 4.25	26.2 3.24	22.6 2.79	22.2 2.74

Output(2022)

	Total	ex.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Maize	World	United States	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	United Arab Emirates	Israel	Kuwait	Tajikistan	Qatar	New Zealand	Spain	Chile	United States
t/ha %	5.72 100	10.9 190	31.6 553	23.6 413	22.6 395	17.2 302	14.3 250	12.8 223	11.5 202	11.4 200	11 193	10.9 190
Rice	World	United States	Australia	Uruguay	Egypt	Tajikistan	Peru	United States	Turkey	Morocco	Uzbekistan	Greece
t/ha %	4.7 100	8.28 176	11.1 235	9.34 198	8.97 191	8.78 187	8.33 177	8.28 176	7.88 168	7.77 165	7.75 165	7.46 159
Wheat	World	United States	Ireland	Netherlands	New Zealand	Belgium	United Kingdom	Denmark	Germany	Zambia	France	Sweden
t/ha %	3.69 100	3.13 84.8	10.4 283	9.39 255	9.39 255	9.06 246	8.59 233	8.38 227	7.58 205	7 190	7 190	7 190

Output(2021)

	Total	ex.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Maize	World	United States	Mexico	China	India	Nigeria	Brazil	Egypt	Ethiopia	South Africa	Tanzania	Philippines
Mt %	141 100	4.2 2.98	15.6 11.1	12.3 8.77	7.33 5.21	7.21 5.13	6.4 4.55	6.24 4.43	6.2 4.41	5.18 3.68	4.4 3.13	4.29 3.05
Rice	World	United States	China	India	Indonesia	Bangladesh	Vietnam	Philippines	Myanmar	Thailand	Japan	Brazil
Mt %	638 100	3.93 0.615	186 29.1	147 23.1	50.1 7.86	44.3 6.94	22.6 3.54	21.7 3.39	14.5 2.27	12.2 1.91	9.26 1.45	8.54 1.34
Wheat	World	United States	China	India	United States	Pakistan	Russia	Egypt	Turkey	Iran	Brazil	Indonesia
Mt %	541 100	29.6 5.48	105 19.3	90.2 16.7	29.6 5.48	24.1 4.45	20.1 3.71	14.7 2.71	13.9 2.57	13.4 2.47	11.5 2.12	10.7 1.98

Food per capita(2021)

	Total	ex.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Maize	World	United States	Malawi	Mexico	Lesotho	Zambia	Paraguay	Guatemala	Honduras	Togo	Eswatini	South Africa
kg %	17.8 100	12.5 70	142 796	123 694	117 660	98.7 555	90.5 509	86.7 488	81.5 458	79.5 447	76.3 429	76.2 428
Rice	World	United States	Gambia	Comoros	Myanmar	Bangladesh	Cambodia	Vietnam	Laos	Guinea-Bissau	Sri Lanka	Philippines
kg %	80.7 100	11.6 14.4	370 458	295 365	269 333	261 324	258 320	232 288	223 276	220 272	191 237	190 236
Wheat	World	United States	Serbia	Azerbaijan	Tunisia	Algeria	Montenegro	Morocco	Turkmenistan	Georgia	Turkey	Tajikistan
kg %	68.4 100	88 129	200 293	199 291	197 289	192 281	183 268	182 266	176 257	173 253	164 240	162 236